intrepidus Latin · revision 31943

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=43 BC–18 AD, Ovid|origins=la trepidus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪnˈtrɛ.pɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈtrɛː.pi.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''intrepidus''' (feminine intrepida, neuter intrepidum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|trepidus|t1=not|t2=alarmed, anxious]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Etymonline traces [[m|la|trepidus]] to [[ine-pro|*trep-|t=to tremble]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Ovid,^(Köbler 2010) who has Polyxena showing a fearless face to her last moment.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means fearless or undaunted, of people and animals, as Livy's elephants and Tacitus' man unshaken by threats, and of looks, words or actions that show no fear.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means free from anxiety, untroubled, as in Statius, and of conditions secure, as Seneca's undisturbed possession of the past.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) English ''intrepid'' (1690s) comes from it through French and directly.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of a fearless face.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of elephants.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of a man standing fearless over a chasm.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1690s – English [[m|en|intrepid]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|fearless|alt=Fearless]], [[m|en|undaunted]], [[m|en|intrepid]]; showing no fear.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Free from anxiety, untroubled.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trepidus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}