redux Latin · revision 31941

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *deuk-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrɛ.dʊks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈrɛː.duks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''redux''' (genitive reducis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus scans it ''rēdux'', and the spelling ''reddux'' is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ The ablative is ''reduce'' or ''reducī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|dux|t2=leader]],^(OLD 2012) or from [[m|la|redūcō|t=to lead back]], as [[m|la|dux]] is from [[m|la|dūcō]].^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The TLL explains the variant spellings with ⟨rēd-⟩ and ⟨redd-⟩ from the influence of [[m|la|prōdūcō]] and [[m|la|reddō]].^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|dūcō]] to [[itc-pro|*douk-e-]] and [[ine-pro|*deuk-e/o-|t=to draw]], and notes that the zero grade of [[m|la|dux]] was taken from compounds.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[got|𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽|tr=tiuhan|t=to draw]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Naevius.^(Köbler 2010) It means one who has come back.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the active sense, “that brings back home”, it is mostly an epithet of gods, especially Fortuna Redux, whose altar is recorded in the calendar of Cumae, and Jupiter.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) The passive sense, “brought back, returned”, from war, exile or captivity, is the frequent Classical one.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Pliny the Elder uses it of elephants returning to the column, Seneca of the paths of return, and Statius of men restored to life.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “returned”.^(Stelten 1995) English uses it in titles since 1662, when Dryden wrote ''Astraea Redux'' on the restoration of Charles II.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of elephants returning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius of men restored to life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1662 – Dryden's ''Astraea Redux'' in English.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # That brings back home, especially of [[m|en|Fortuna]] and Jupiter.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Coming back, [[m|en|return|alt=returned]], brought back, from war, exile or captivity.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Restored, as to life.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[irredux]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[reduco|alt=redūcō]]

+ * [[dux]]

+ * [[en|redux]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}