spumo Latin · revision 31933

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *spoHi-m-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈspuː.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈspuː.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''spūmō''' (present infinitive spūmāre, perfect active spūmāvī, supine spūmātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|spūma|-ō|t1=foam]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces [[m|la|spūma]] to [[itc-pro|*spoimā-|t=foam]] and [[ine-pro|*spoHi-m-|t=foam]], one of several derivatives with ⟨-m-⟩ and ⟨-n-⟩ from the same root.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|फेन|tr=phéna-|t=foam]], [[lt|spáinė|t=foam]] and [[ang|fām|t=foam]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first example in the OLD is in a tragedy of Ennius, where the seas foam with blood.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to foam or froth, of water, blood and the like, and of a cup brimming with foam, as the bowl Bitias drains in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of places it is to be covered with foam, as a coast in the ''Ciris''.^(OLD 2012) Of animals it is to foam at the mouth, as Virgil's foaming boar, and the poet Macer uses it of sweat.^(OLD 2012) Cicero's ''Prognostica'' has it transitively, of rocks covered with snowy foam.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of seas foaming with blood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of rocks covered with foam.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a foaming cup and a foaming boar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|foam]], [[m|en|froth]]; to be covered with foam.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To foam at the mouth.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To cover with foam.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēspūmō]]

+ * [[exspūmō]]

+ * [[inspumo]]

+ * [[spūmābundus]]

+ * [[spūmātiō]]

+ * [[spūmātus]]

+ * [[spūmēscō]]

+ * [[spūmidus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[spuma|alt=spūma]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}