libidinosus Latin · revision 31920

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *lubʰ-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [lɪ.biː.dɪˈnoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [li.bi.diˈnɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''libīdinōsus''' (feminine libīdinōsa, neuter libīdinōsum, comparative libīdinōsior, superlative libīdinōsissimus, adverb libīdinōsē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ The older spelling ''lubīdinōsus'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|libīdō|-ōsus|t1=desire, lust]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The noun is made from [[m|la|libet|t=it pleases]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*luf-ē-|t=to desire]] and [[ine-pro|*lubʰ-eh₁-|t=to please]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|loufir|t=or]], [[got|𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃|tr=liufs|t=dear]] and [[goh|liob|t=dear, sweet]].^(de Vaan 2008) Varro derived [[m|la|libīdō]] from ⟨lubendo⟩, and Isidore explains the libidinous man as one who does what he pleases.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who calls Verres a self-willed and cruel tyrant.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means self-willed, arbitrary or capricious, as in Cicero and Nepos, and of prices extravagant, as in Columella.^(OLD 2012) More often it is lustful, licentious or libidinous, as Cicero's “a most shameful, most lustful and most worthless man”, and of actions and writings wanton.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary also gives passionate and yearning for something.^(Wiktionary) English ''libidinous'' (mid-15th century) came through Old French or directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a capricious tyrant and of lustful men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos in the sense arbitrary.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of extravagant prices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English [[m|en|libidinous]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Self-willed, arbitrary, [[m|en|capricious]]; of prices, extravagant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|lustful|alt=Lustful]], [[m|en|licentious]], [[m|en|libidinous]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Passionate; yearning for something.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[libet]]

+ * [[libīdinōsē]]

+ * [[libīdinōsitās]]

+ * [[libīdō]]

+ * [[libita]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}