inhonestus Latin · revision 31919

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la honōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪ.nɔˈnɛs.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [i.noˈnɛs.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inhonestus''' (feminine inhonesta, neuter inhonestum, comparative inhonestior, superlative inhonestissimus, adverb inhonestē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|honestus|t2=honourable]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives [[m|la|honestus]] from ⟨*hones-to-⟩, made from [[m|la|honōs|t=honour]], which can only go back to a form with ⟨*ǵʰon-⟩ or ⟨*gʰon-⟩, with no further etymology known.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first examples in the OLD are in Plautus, in a string of insults, “you filthy, disreputable, lawless …”, and of a shameful trade.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of persons it means of ill repute, dishonourable, as in Cicero and Horace's man made disreputable by an unknown mother, and of actions or occupations disgraceful, as Sallust's shameful life.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil uses it of a shameful wound, the cut-off nose of Deiphobus.^(OLD 2012) Terence and Vitruvius use it in the sense ugly, unprepossessing, as of a eunuch.^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes the comparative from Valerius Maximus and the superlative from Cicero.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it “dishonourable, disgraceful”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a disreputable man and a shameful trade.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of an ugly eunuch.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a shameful wound.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of ill repute, [[m|en|dishonourable]]; of actions, [[m|en|disgraceful]], shameful.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Ugly, unprepossessing in appearance.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[honestus]]

+ * [[honos|alt=honōs]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}