occipio Latin · revision 31907

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kh₂p-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔkˈkɪ.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [otˈt͡ʃiː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''occipiō''' (present infinitive occipere, perfect active occēpī, supine occeptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''occupiō'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)

+ Plautus has the old future perfect ''occepsō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|capiō|t2=to take]], formed like [[m|la|incipiō|t=to begin]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|capiō]] to [[itc-pro|*kap-i-]] and either [[ine-pro|*kh₂p-i-]] or a non-Indo-European ⟨*kap-i-⟩, “to seize”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|κάπτω|tr=káptō|t=to gulp down]] and [[got|𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽|tr=hafjan|t=to lift]].^(de Vaan 2008) The commentator Donatus connected it with [[m|la|occipitium|t=back of the head]], as if it meant “to set up the head of a thing”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first examples in the OLD are in Plautus, who says Jupiter began to love Alcmena behind her husband's back.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to take up or begin an activity, often with an infinitive, and, in Plautus, to begin a story.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively it is to begin or start, of conditions, as Terence's “a brawl had already started between them”, and of periods of time in the historian Calpurnius Piso.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that neither Cicero nor Caesar uses it,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Donatus judged ''occēpī'' a better word than ''incēpī''.^(TLL) Wiktionary glosses it “to begin, start, commence”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of beginning to love and to tell.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a brawl starting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take up, [[m|en|begin]] an activity; to begin to do something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of conditions and times, to begin, [[m|en|commence]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[occeptō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[incipio|alt=incipiō]]

+ * [[capio|alt=capiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}