imprudentia Latin · revision 31906

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *uid-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''imprūdentia''' ''f'' (genitive imprūdentiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''inprūdentia'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|imprūdēns|-ia|t1=unaware, unwise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The adjective is [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|prūdēns|t=foreseeing, wise]], which de Vaan explains as a contraction of [[m|la|prōvidēns|t=foreseeing]], from [[m|la|videō|t=to see]]; he traces [[m|la|videō]] to [[itc-pro|*wid-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*uid-eh₁-|t=to see]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL date it from Terence,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) who says in a prologue that if something is a fault, it is the poet's inadvertence.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means lack of knowledge or awareness, ignorance, as in Cicero; absence of intention, with ''per imprudentiam'' “by accident”; and lack of judgement or foresight, as Caesar blames a mishap on the imprudence of the Bituriges.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes that the poets do not use it apart from Terence.^(TLL) English took ''imprudence'' from French or directly from Latin in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a poet's inadvertence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of ignorance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of a people's thoughtlessness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|imprudence]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Lack of knowledge, [[m|en|ignorance]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Absence of intention, [[m|en|inadvertence]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''per imprudentiam'', by accident.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Lack of foresight, [[m|en|imprudence]], thoughtlessness.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prudentia|alt=prūdentia]]

+ * [[prudens|alt=prūdēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}