erudio Latin · revision 31900

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la rudis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈrʊ.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈruː.di.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ērudiō''' (present infinitive ērudīre, perfect active ērudīvī or ērudiī, supine ērudītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|rudis|-iō|t2=rough, unskilled]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) that is, to free from roughness.^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan reports two competing etymologies of [[m|la|rudis]]: a link with [[goh|grioz|t=sand, gravel]] and [[lt|grúdas|t=grain]], which needs a questionable loss of the initial consonant, and the derivation from the word for “red” favoured by most handbooks, which he doubts because the Latin word never shows that sense.^(de Vaan 2008) Ancient writers explained it the same way: Claudius Donatus says it means to make the untaught novice better by teaching, a metaphor from clothes, and Cassiodorus that the learned man is as if taken out of rudeness.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first examples in the OLD are in Cicero, who speaks of men who taught many to make them better citizens.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to instruct, train or educate, frequent in Classical prose and poetry.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In a weaker sense it is to inform someone of a matter, as in Cicero's letters, and Pliny the Elder uses it of refining an art.^(OLD 2012) With a second accusative or a clause it names what is taught, as Ovid's Daedalus teaching his son the fatal art.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it to discipline, instruct, teach.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle [[eruditus|alt=ērudītus]] gave English ''erudite'' in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of teaching and informing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of Daedalus teaching Icarus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of refining an art.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|erudite]] from the participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|instruct]], train, [[m|en|educate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To inform, enlighten on a point.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To refine, improve an art.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To teach someone something.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ērudītiō]]

+ * [[ērudītor]]

+ * [[ērudītrix]]

+ * [[ērudītulus]]

+ * [[ērudītus]]

+ * [[inērudītus]]

+ * [[perērudītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rudis]]

+ * [[en|erudite]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''erudire'', education as freeing from ignorance in general, from ''[[formo|alt=formare]]'', training for a particular sphere, and ''[[instituo|alt=instituere]]'', training for a particular employment.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}