convalesco Latin · revision 31886

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *h₂ulh₁-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔn.waˈɫeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [koɱ.vaˈlɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convalēscō''' (present infinitive convalēscere, perfect active convaluī, supine convalitum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|valēscō|t2=to grow strong]], the inchoative of [[m|la|valeō|t=to be strong]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|valeō]] to [[itc-pro|*wal-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂ulh₁-eh₁-|t=to be strong]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|flaith|t=rule]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cato,^(de Vaan 2008) who says a man recovered and often did good service afterwards.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to grow strong or thrive, as Varro's newborn animals kept by the fire until they gain strength, and of people or opinions to gain power, as Cicero's man who has grown so strong that the hope of resisting rests on one citizen.^(OLD 2012) Above all it means to recover from an illness, and of the mind to become calm again;^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short call it very frequent and Classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The jurist Labeo uses it of a grant that becomes legally valid.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “gain strength, convalesce”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|convalesce]] is from the late 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a man who recovered.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of newborn animals gaining strength.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a man growing powerful.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 15th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|convalesce]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To grow strong, [[m|en|thrive]]; to gain power or influence.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|recover]] from illness, [[m|en|convalesce]]; of the mind, to become calm again.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' To become valid.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[valeo|alt=valeō]]

+ * [[valesco|alt=valēscō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}