persto Latin · revision 31860

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *sth₂-eh₁-ie/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpɛr.stoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpɛr.sto]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perstō''' (present infinitive perstāre, perfect active perstitī, future active participle perstātūrus); first conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+ Livy has the future participle ''perstātūrus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|stō|t2=to stand]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb [[m|la|stō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*sta-ē-je/o-|t=to stand]], from [[ine-pro|*sth₂-eh₁-ie/o-|t=to stand]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|stahu|t=I stand]] and [[osc|staít|t=stands]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first example for “persist” in the OLD is Cicero's “Saturius stands by his opinion”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call its literal sense, to keep standing, rare: Livy's horsemen stood all day beside their bridled horses, and Tibullus' lover stands anxiously on the threshold.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) It is also to stay on, as Ovid's Muse, the only companion who stayed with him in exile, and to remain unchanged or last, as in Ovid's “there is nothing in the whole world that stays: all things flow”.^(OLD 2012) Most often it means to persist or stand firm in an opinion or course, in Cicero, Caesar and Livy, and with an infinitive to keep on doing something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of standing by an opinion.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 55–19/18 BC – Tibullus of a lover waiting on the threshold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of horsemen standing all day.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of things that do not last.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To keep standing; to stay on.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To remain unchanged, [[m|en|last]], [[m|en|endure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|persist]], persevere, stand firm; to keep on doing something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sto|alt=stō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}