ἀπάθεια Ancient Greek · revision 3185

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=4th century BC, Aristotle|origins=grc ἀπαθής}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /a.pá.tʰeː.a/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /aˈpa.θi.a/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /aˈpa.θi.a/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ἀπᾰ́θεια''' (apátheia) ''f'' (genitive ἀπᾰθείᾱς); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is derived from [[ἀπαθής|tr=apathḗs|t=not suffering, without feeling]] with the abstract suffix [[m|grc|-ια|tr=-ia]].^(Wiktionary)^(CGL 2021) Ἀπαθής is formed from the privative prefix and the root of [[πάθος|tr=páthos|t=experience, suffering]].^(LSJ 1940)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Aristotle uses it of things, for their capacity not to be affected or changed, and of persons, for insensibility.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Aristotle the virtues were sometimes defined as ''apatheiai'', freedom from passions, and he also uses the word in a bad sense, for indifference to disgrace.^(DGE)^(LSJ 1940) The Platonic ''Definitions'' describe it as the state in which we do not fall into passions.^(DGE) For the Stoics it was the ideal of the wise man, freedom from emotion, and Dionysius the Stoic, Epictetus, Philo and Plutarch use it so; some Stoics spelled it ''ἀπαθία''.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)^(CGL 2021) Theophrastus uses it for insensibility to harm, and Plutarch for freedom from suffering.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+

+ Latin borrowed it as [[m|la|apathīa]].^(Wiktionary) Modern Greek [[m|el|απάθεια|tr=apátheia]] is indifference, a lack of emotion or reaction.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 4th century BC – Aristotle uses it for impassibility and insensibility.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 4th–3rd century BC – Theophrastus uses it for insensibility to evils.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 3rd century BC – Dionysius the Stoic writes on it.^(DGE)

+ * 1st–2nd century AD – Epictetus and Plutarch use it for Stoic freedom from emotion.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Impassibility, the capacity not to be affected or changed.^(CGL 2021)^(LSJ 1940)

+ # Insensibility; [[m|en|indifference]], in a bad sense.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # ''(Stoicism)'' Freedom from emotion, dispassionateness.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # Freedom from suffering or injury.^(CGL 2021)^(LSJ 1940)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ἀπαθής|tr=apathḗs]]

+ * [[πάθος|tr=páthos]]

+ * [[la|apathia]]

+ * [[en|apathy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}