cognatio Latin · revision 31821

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=86/82 BC, Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la nāscor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔŋˈnaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [koɲˈɲat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cognātiō''' ''f'' (genitive cognātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[cognātus|t=related by blood]] with [[m|la|-tiō]], beside [[nātiō|t=birth, people]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) ⟨Cognātus⟩ comes from [[nāscor|t=to be born]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*gnāskō|alt=*gnāsk-e/o-|t=to be born]] and [[ine-pro|*ǵn̥h₁skétor|alt=*ǵnh₁-sk-e/o-|t=to be born]]; he compares [[xum|natine|t=patrician family]], from a similar suffixed noun.^(de Vaan 2008) The jurist Paulus thought the name came from [[grc|συγγενεῖς|tr=sungeneîs|t=relatives]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', which names kinship as a ground of natural law;^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is blood relationship, kinship, and collectively the kinsfolk: Cicero writes of a son who bore the shame of his family, kin and name hard.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) An inscription has a guild of kinsmen, and Martial uses ''cāra cognātiō'' for the family feast of the Caristia.^(OLD 2012) Seneca reports Pythagoras' teaching of the kinship of all things, and it is used of the affinity of plants, of a natural family, and of words: Varro follows the kinship of words.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “kindred, relationship, progeny, descendant”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86/82 BC – the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' of kinship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of the kinship of words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a man's kin.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of the Caristia.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Blood relationship, [[m|en|kinship]], [[m|en|consanguinity]]; kinsfolk; a guild of kinsmen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Relationship, [[m|en|affinity]] of things; a natural class.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Progeny, descendants.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cognātus]]

+ * [[nāscor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}