adoro Latin · revision 31819

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Laevius|origins=la ōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aˈdoː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈdɔː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adōrō''' (present infinitive adōrāre, perfect active adōrāvī, supine adōrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|ōrō|t2=to speak, plead]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan takes ⟨ōrō⟩, whose oldest sense is “to plead, speak openly”, as a verb made from [[ōs|t=mouth]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*ōs-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃eh₁os|alt=*h₃eh₁-os|t=mouth]], cognate with [[sa|आस्|tr=ā́s-|t=mouth]] and [[hit|aiš|t=mouth]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Servius says that in the old writers it meant simply “to speak to”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD's earliest example is the poet Laevius, of someone praying to Venus.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its early sense is “to address, plead with, entreat”: Ovid's Ariadne does not beg by her merits.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In religion it is to approach the gods as a suppliant, to pray for their favour, as Livy's prayer for the peace of the gods, and to avert a danger, as the custom of greeting lightning by clucking in Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012) It came to mean paying divine honours to rulers, as the nations that knelt to Alexander in the elder Seneca, and to venerate places and things, to admire, as Pliny admiring the care of the ancients, or to greet: Tacitus has Otho stretching out his hands to salute the crowd.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Late Latin it meant “to worship”, and Church Latin glosses it “adore, worship, reverence, honour”.^(Etymonline)^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|adore]] (late 14th century) comes from it through Old French ''aorer''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of praying for the peace of the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of entreating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of saluting a crowd.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|adore]] through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To speak to, address; to plead with, [[m|en|entreat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To approach the gods as a suppliant, pray to; to pray for; to avert by a ritual gesture.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To pay divine honours to, [[m|en|worship]], [[m|en|adore]]; to do homage to rulers.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To venerate; to admire; to celebrate in verse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|salute]], greet.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adōrābilis]]

+ * [[adōrātiō]]

+ * [[adōrātor]]

+ * [[adōria]]

+ * [[coadoro]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ōrō]]

+ * [[ōs]]

+ * [[en|adore]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}