accingo Latin · revision 31796

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la cingō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [akˈkɪŋ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [atˈt͡ʃiŋ.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''accingō''' (present infinitive accingere, perfect active accīnxī, supine accīnctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|cingō|t2=to gird]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan finds the origin of ⟨cingō⟩ uncertain: [[lt|kinkýti|t=to harness horses]] fits in meaning but requires a root shape impossible for PIE, and the Umbrian words sometimes compared are themselves obscure.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Terence,^(de Vaan 2008) whose ''Phormio'' has “you must eat it all up: gird yourself!”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal senses are “to gird, surround”, as Varro of Atax says of the five zones round the earth, “to gird with a sword” and “to gird on a sword”, both often in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to equip with aids or support, as Tacitus with eloquence.^(OLD 2012) Most often it is passive or reflexive, “to gird oneself, get ready” for action, as Virgil's men preparing for their spoil and the coming feast.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short note that in prose it appears only after the Augustan period, while it is a favourite word of Virgil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “gird, equip”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence, “gird yourself”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of girding on a sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of being armed with eloquence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|gird]], surround; to gird up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To gird with a sword; to gird on a sword; to [[m|en|equip]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(passive or reflexive)'' To gird oneself, get ready.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[accinctus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cingō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}