exuro Latin · revision 31791

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁ews-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈsuː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡˈzuː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exūrō''' (present infinitive exūrere, perfect active exussī, supine exustum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|ūrō|t2=to burn]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan traces ⟨ūrō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*ousō|alt=*ouse/o-|t=to burn]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁ews-|alt=*h1eus-e/o-|t=to burn]], cognate with [[sa|ओषति|tr=oṣati|t=burns]], [[grc|εὕω|tr=heúō|t=to singe]] and [[non|ysja|t=fire]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has revellers threatening to burn down a door in the ''Persa'' and a man threatening to burn out someone's eyes in the ''Menaechmi''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means “to burn up, destroy by fire”, of buildings and of regions laid waste, and ''vīvum exūrere'' is to burn alive, as in Cicero's ''Verrines''.^(OLD 2012) It is also “to burn out”, as eyes, and in Vitruvius to use up by burning, of a lamp.^(OLD 2012) Of heat it is to parch, as Catullus' fields cracked by the summer, to scorch the body (Tibullus), and to tan the skin, as Pliny the Elder's people burnt dark like Ethiopians.^(OLD 2012) Martial uses it of fever burning the inner organs, and the elegists of Love's fiery eyes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “consume, burn up”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of burning a door and eyes.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a man burnt alive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of parched fields.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of a burning fever.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To burn up, destroy by fire; to burn alive.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To burn out; to use up by burning.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|parch]], dry up; to [[m|en|scorch]]; to tan.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of fever or poison, to burn; figuratively, to [[m|en|inflame]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exustiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūrō]]

+ * [[combūrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}