circuitus Latin · revision 31785

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=ine-pro *h₁ey-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɪrˈku.ɪ.tʊs], [kɪrˈkʊ.mɪ.tuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [t͡ʃirˈkuː.i.tus], [t͡ʃirˈkuː.mi.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''circuitus''' ''m'' (genitive circuitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also written ''circumitus'', as in Cicero and Quintilian.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[circumeō|t=to go round]] with the suffix of action nouns [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan lists it under [[eō|t=to go]], from [[itc-pro|*ei-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁ey-|alt=*h1ei-|t=to go]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Varro,^(de Vaan 2008) who speaks of the seasons that depend on the sun's yearly course.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is motion in a circle, an orbit or revolution.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses it of the natural cycle through which states turn, and of a periodic sentence; in Celsus it is the cycle of a recurring fever.^(OLD 2012) It is also what surrounds a place, its boundary or circumference, as the cliffs round Cicero's citadel, and its measurement, as Caesar's island with a perimeter of two thousand miles.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) As “a going round” it is a detour, as Caesar's scouts sent to find the way up a mountain by a roundabout path, and figuratively roundabout methods and circumlocution (Livy, Seneca).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin has ''in circuitū'', “round about”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval sources it is a bishop's tour of his diocese, the ambulatory of a cloister, and the surroundings of a place.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of the sun's course.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the cycle of states.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of a perimeter and a detour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of circumlocution.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Circular motion, [[m|en|orbit]], revolution.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|cycle]]; a periodic sentence.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A surrounding wall or path; boundary, [[m|en|circumference]]; [[m|en|perimeter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A going about; a [[m|en|detour]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Roundabout methods; [[m|en|circumlocution]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A bishop's visitation; a cloister ambulatory; surroundings.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[circumeō]]

+ * [[eō]]

+ * [[en|circuit]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}