aestuo Latin · revision 31775

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂eydʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈae̯s.tu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛs.tu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aestuō''' (present infinitive aestuāre, perfect active aestuāvī, supine aestuātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[aestus|t=heat, surge]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists ⟨aestus⟩ under [[aestās|t=summer]], from [[itc-pro|*aissu-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eydʰ-tu-|alt=*h2eidh-tu-|t=burning, heat]]; he thinks the forms first had ⟨-ss-⟩, the regular outcome of the dental cluster, and that the suffix ⟨-tu-⟩ was later restored.^(de Vaan 2008) The root [[ine-pro|*h₂eydʰ-|t=burning]] also gives [[aedēs]], [[grc|αἴθω|tr=aíthō|t=to burn]] and [[sga|áed|t=fire]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is Plautus' ''Poenulus'', “while the cakes are cooking”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of fire it means “to blaze, burn fiercely”, as Virgil's fire raging in a closed furnace, and of things heated “to boil”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used of places and persons sweltering in the heat, as Virgil's scorched field with dying grass, and of burning with love or desire, as Ovid's Byblis.^(OLD 2012) Of water it is “to seethe, surge”, as Virgil's muddy whirlpool, and of other things “to toss”, as Lucretius' tree shaken by the winds.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to fret or seethe with emotion, as Cicero's men who had paid money and then heard the news, and to waver in doubt.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “to be hot, scorch, kindle, rage”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of cooking cakes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a tossing tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of fretting and wavering.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of fire, heat and whirlpools.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|blaze]], burn; to boil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|swelter]], be very hot.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To burn with love or desire.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of water, to [[m|en|seethe]], surge; to toss about; to ebb and flow.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To fret, chafe; of emotions, to surge up.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|waver]], be in doubt.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abaestuō]]

+ * [[adaestuō]]

+ * [[aestuābundus]]

+ * [[aestuāns]]

+ * [[aestuātiō]]

+ * [[exaestuō]]

+ * [[inaestuō]]

+ * [[interaestuō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aestās]]

+ * [[aestifer]]

+ * [[aestīvālis]]

+ * [[aestīvē]]

+ * [[aestīvus]]

+ * [[aestuārium]]

+ * [[aestuōsus]]

+ * [[aestus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}