vectigalis Latin · revision 31761

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *weǵʰ-, ine-pro *h₂eǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [wɛk.tiːˈɡaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [vek.tiˈɡaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vectīgālis''' (neuter vectīgāle, comparative vectīgālior); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscription has the masculine nominative ''vectīgal''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from a lost noun [[itc-pro|*wektīgo-|alt=*vectīgo-|t=fee for vehicle-driving]] with the suffix [[m|la|-ālis]]; its neuter, shortened, became the noun [[vectīgal|t=tax, revenue]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan, following Dunkel, analyses ⟨*vectīgo-⟩ as a compound of a noun [[ine-pro|*weǵʰti-|alt=*u̯ekti-|t=levy, yield]], from the root of [[vehō|t=to carry]], and the root of [[agō|t=to drive]]; the OLD likewise suggests ⟨*vectis⟩ and ⟨agō⟩ with a question mark.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) ⟨vehō⟩ continues [[ine-pro|*weǵʰ-|alt=*ueǵh-e/o-|t=to carry]], cognate with [[sa|वहति|tr=váhati|t=carries]]; ⟨agō⟩ continues [[ine-pro|*h₂eǵ-|alt=*h2eǵ-e/o-|t=to drive, lead]], cognate with [[grc|ἄγω|tr=ágō|t=to lead]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who writes to his brother that what the Greeks find bitterest is being subject to tax.^(OLD 2012) An inscribed law already speaks of private land subject to dues.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of land it means “yielding taxes or dues”, and of persons and cities “subject to tax, tributary”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means “of taxes or rents”, as the jurist Ulpian's action for rent, and of money “raised by taxes”, as Cicero's ten ships built by Miletus from the revenue owed to Rome.^(OLD 2012) Cicero also has ''equī vectīgālēs'', chariot horses supplied under contract, a use the OLD calls obscure in origin.^(OLD 2012) The elder Seneca uses it for “bringing in income”: cruelty was profitable to that man.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “of taxes, subject to taxes, taxable, taxed”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval sources the noun is a tributary of a church.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of tax-paying Greeks and tax money.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian of an action for rent.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Yielding taxes; subject to tax, [[m|en|tributary]], [[m|en|taxable]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of [[m|en|tax|alt=taxes]] or rents; raised by taxes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Bringing in income, profitable.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A tributary of a church.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vectīgal]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vehō]]

+ * [[agō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}