esurio Latin · revision 31754

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁ed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈsʊ.ri.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈs̬uː.ri.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēsuriō''' (present infinitive ēsurīre, perfect active ēsurīvī or ēsuriī, supine ēsurītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|edō|-uriō|t1=to eat]], a desiderative verb built on the stem of the supine ⟨ēsum⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The verb [[m|la|edō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*edō]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁ed-|t=to eat]].^(de Vaan 2008) Risch thought ⟨ēsurīre⟩ was formed as the opposite of a verb ⟨*saturīre⟩ “to be full”, and that it started the class of desideratives in ⟨-urīre⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to be hungry or to suffer hunger, and transitively to hunger for something, as in Ovid's “there will be nothing there for us to hunger for”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “be hungry, hunger for”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it transitively.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1670s – Its present participle is borrowed into English as [[m|en|esurient]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|hungry]], suffer [[m|en|hunger]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To hunger for.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adēsuriō]]

+ * [[ēsuriēs]]

+ * [[ēsurīgō]]

+ * [[ēsurītiō]]

+ * [[ēsurītor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[edo|alt=edō]]

+ * [[en|esurient]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Plautus also made a humorous noun ''ēsuriō'', ''-ōnis'' “a hungry man”, punning on ''saturiō'' “a well-fed man”;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Petronius has it too.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}