arbitratus Latin · revision 31737

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la arbiter}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ar.bɪˈtraː.tʊs], [ar.bɪˈtraː.tuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ar.biˈtraː.tus], [ar.biˈtraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arbitrātus''' ''m'' (genitive arbitrātūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|arbitror|-tus|t1=to judge]],^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) the verb being formed from [[m|la|arbiter|t=witness, judge]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan notes that [[xum|ařputrati|t=according to the judgement]] can match ⟨arbitrātū⟩ exactly; since the more basic noun exists only in Latin, he looks for its origin there, probably in a compound with [[m|la|ad-]], with the sporadic change of ⟨ad-⟩ to ⟨ar-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Asinaria'' has “let it be your choice: burn it if you like”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the power of deciding, choice or judgement, in the sense of will rather than opinion.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The ablative ''arbitratu'' with a genitive or possessive means “at the discretion of”, in law “by the decision of an arbitrator”, and colloquially “to one's heart's content”.^(OLD 2012) It is also jurisdiction or power over subjects, as in Plautus' “they all surrender into the power of the Theban people”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “choice, decision, direction, inclination”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of choice and of jurisdiction.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|choice|alt=Choice]], decision, [[m|en|judgement]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''arbitratu'', at the discretion of; to one's heart's content.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law)'' The decision of an arbitrator, [[m|en|arbitration]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|jurisdiction|alt=Jurisdiction]], power.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[arbiter]]

+ * [[arbitror]]

+ * [[arbitrium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}