ibidem Latin · revision 31695

19 Oct 2026, 16:25 by bogdan “la10k Latin batch la75u b09” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=la ibī}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * Classical: [ɪˈbiː.dẽː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * Ecclesiastical: [iˈbiː.dem]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''ibīdem''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)
+ Plautus always scans it ''ibĭdem'', with a short second vowel.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is formed from [[ibī|t=there]] with the particle ⟨-dem⟩ of [[īdem|t=the same]], [[itidem]] and [[tantundem]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨ibī⟩ to [[itc-pro|*iþei]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁i-dʰey|alt=*h1i-dhei|t=there]], with a slight preference over ⟨*h1i-bhei⟩; cognate with [[xum|ife|t=there]] and [[sa|इह|tr=ihá|t=here]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008) who has people who would rather die in that very place than return in disgrace.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Livius Andronicus.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It means “in that very place”, or in a place already mentioned, as Cato's nuts on the same pine, and “in the same place as someone else”, as Plautus' “your wife is in there too”.^(OLD 2012) Of time it is “at that very moment, there and then”: Cicero wrote a letter at dinner on the spot.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Plautus also uses it for “in the same matter”.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ Church Latin glosses it “in the same place, in that very place”, abbreviated ''ibid.''.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval sources it can stand for “to the same”, like a dative pronoun.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius of dying on the spot.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the same place.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a place already mentioned.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero in the sense “there and then”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # In that very place; in the same place.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # At that very moment, there and then.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # In the same matter.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To the same.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ibī]]
+ * [[īdem]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}