pacatus Latin · revision 31690

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *peh₂ḱ-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pācātus''' (feminine pācāta, neuter pācātum, comparative pācātior, superlative pācātissimus); first/second-declension adjective, past participle of ''pācō''^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the past participle of [[pācō|t=to pacify]], used as an adjective.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan derives ⟨pācō⟩ from [[pāx|t=peace]], from [[itc-pro|*pāk-|t=agreement, peace]] and [[ine-pro|*peh₂ḱ-|t=agreement]], cognate with [[xum|pase|t=peace]] and [[got|𐍆𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽|tr=fāhan|t=to catch]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) whose ''Menaechmi'' has a man protesting that he is being dragged off in broad daylight in a peaceful town.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of places and peoples it means “at peace, settled”, and of the air and sea “calm”, as in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of persons it is “peaceable”, as Cicero's question whether someone is friend or enemy, and of speech and conduct “mild”.^(OLD 2012) It also means “of peacetime”: Cicero says no one could bear a man's wickedness even in peace.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “pacified, peaceful, peaceable, serene, quiet, calm”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a peaceful town.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of calm air.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of peaceable men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # At peace, settled, [[m|en|pacified]]; of air and sea, [[m|en|calm]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|peaceable|alt=Peaceable]]; mild.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of peacetime.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pācō]]

+ * [[pāx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}