impudicus Latin · revision 31675

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la pudīcus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪm.pʊˈdiː.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [im.puˈdiː.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''impudīcus''' (feminine impudīca, neuter impudīcum, superlative impudīcissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inp-''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus has the comparative, and the superlative is frequent from Cicero on.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from the negative prefix [[in-|t=not]] and [[pudīcus|t=modest, chaste]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Isidore derived it from [[pōdex|t=anus]].^(TLL)^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) whose Alcmena says no man has touched her body to make her unchaste.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is “unchaste, immoral”, of women and of men, often of homosexual conduct;^(OLD 2012) Cicero cites “adulterer, unchaste, go-between” as a standard insult.^(OLD 2012) It is used of acts and words, and ''digitus impudīcus'' is the middle finger raised as an obscene gesture.^(OLD 2012) More widely it means “shameless, outrageous”, as in Plautus' “come on, shameless villain”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Martial uses it of a foul smell.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “shameless, impudent”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of an unchaste woman and a shameless man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a common insult.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of a foul smell.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|unchaste|alt=Unchaste]], immoral, [[m|en|lewd]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''digitus impudīcus'', the middle finger.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|shameless|alt=Shameless]], [[m|en|impudent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of a smell, foul.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impudīcātus]]

+ * [[impudīcitia]]

+ * [[impudīcē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[impudēns]]

+ * [[impudenter]]

+ * [[impudentia]]

+ * [[pudīcus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}