claritas Latin · revision 31644

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la clārus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɫaː.rɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈklaː.ri.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''clāritās''' ''f'' (genitive clāritātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|clārus|-tās|t1=clear, bright; famous]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨clārus⟩ to [[itc-pro|*klāros|alt=*klāro-|t=loud]] and [[ine-pro|*ḱlh₁rós|alt=*ḱlh₁-ro-|t=loud, sonorous]]; the shift from “loud” to “clear, bright” is paralleled in [[goh|hel|t=loud]] beside [[de|hell|t=bright]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who lists among the excellences of the parts of the body speed in the feet and a clear, resonant voice.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Cicero it is loudness or clearness of the voice, and also distinction and renown: he asks Antony whether he had grown tired of his fortune, rank, fame and glory.^(OLD 2012) It is most frequent after Augustus: Quintilian uses it of clearness of expression, Seneca of the brightness of daylight that hides the stars, and Pliny the Elder of clearness of sight and of the brightness of stars.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny also has ''Clāritās Iūlia'' as the name of a town in southern Spain.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “clarity, light, brightness, glory, renown”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|clarity]] (c. 1300) came from it through Old French ''clarté'', at first meaning “brightness, glory”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a clear voice and of renown.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of the brightness of daylight.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian of clearness of style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English [[m|en|clarity]] through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Loudness, clearness of the voice.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Clearness, vividness of expression.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|brightness|alt=Brightness]], brilliance of light or colour; clearness of vision.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Distinction, [[m|en|renown]], [[m|en|fame]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[clārus]]

+ * [[en|clarity]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''glōria'', renown pictured as something said about a person, from ''clāritās'', renown pictured as something bright that is seen.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}