vomer Latin · revision 31636

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=234–149 BC, Cato}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈwoː.mɛr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈvɔː.mer]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vōmer''' ''m'' (genitive vōmeris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ An older nominative ''vōmis'' occurs in Cato, Virgil and Columella.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[inh|itc-pro|*woɣʷsmi-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*wogʷʰni-|alt=*wogʷʰ-ni-|t=coulter, ploughshare]], though de Vaan marks both reconstructions as uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ὀφνίς|tr=ophnís|t=ploughshare]], [[prg|wagnis|t=coulter]], [[non|vangsni|t=ploughshare]] and [[goh|waganso|t=ploughshare]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Since ⟨*wogʷʰmi-⟩ would probably have given a different Latin form, de Vaan suggests a suffix ⟨*-smi-⟩; the nominative ⟨vōmis⟩ keeps the old i-stem, later replaced by an s-stem as in [[cinis]].^(de Vaan 2008) Pokorny and Köbler connect it with [[ine-pro|*weǵʰ-|t=to move, carry]].^(Köbler 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato has it in the older form ⟨vōmis⟩;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler's first source is Lucretius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the ploughshare.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary also records a crude use for the penis.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “ploughshare”.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it was the ploughshare used in trials by ordeal, a missile, and a measure of land.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato, in the form ⟨vōmis⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, also with ⟨vōmis⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – the ploughshare of the ordeal; a measure of land.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|ploughshare]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(vulgar)'' The [[m|en|penis]].^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A ploughshare used in an [[m|en|ordeal]]; a missile; a measure of land.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}