exardesco Latin · revision 31630

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la ārdeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛk.saːrˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡ.zarˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exārdēscō''' (present infinitive exārdēscere, perfect active exārsī, supine exārsum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+ The Itala has ''exardisc-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|ārdēscō|t2=to catch fire]], the inchoative of [[ārdeō|t=to burn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who says no material catches fire so easily.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense is “to catch fire, flare up”, and of colour or light to blaze up, as Seneca's mullet glowing redder than vermilion;^(OLD 2012) Cicero also has regions of the earth grown burning hot under the sun.^(OLD 2012) It is very frequent in Cicero in the figurative sense of flaring up in anger: Philippus did not bear the torches of words put to him and blazed up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Passions blaze up, wars break out (Cicero's war that suddenly flared up), and in Suetonius prices shoot up beyond measure;^(OLD 2012) Catullus' Ariadne burns with love to the marrow.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “be inflamed, take fire, be kindled”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of flaring up in anger and of war.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of burning love.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius of soaring prices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To catch fire, [[m|en|flare]] up; of light, to blaze up; to become burning hot.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To blaze up with anger; to burn with love.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of passions, to burst out; of war, to break out; of prices, to [[m|en|soar]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ārdeō]]

+ * [[ārdēscō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}