iactus Latin · revision 31622

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la iaciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈjak.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈjak.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iactus''' ''m'' (genitive iactūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|iaciō|-tus|t1=to throw]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨iaciō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*jakiō|alt=*jak-i-|t=to throw]] and [[ine-pro|*(H)yeh₁-|alt=*(H)ieh₁-|t=to throw, let go]], cognate with [[grc|ἵημι|tr=híēmi|t=to send, throw]].^(de Vaan 2008) Isidore derived it from ⟨iaciendō⟩.^(Isidore)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has a dice player ask for a cup of mead for his throw.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the act of throwing or hurling, and the range of a missile: Virgil has trees so high that no arrow can reach the top with a throw, and Seneca rising beyond any weapon's reach.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used of a fall from a height, as Lucretius' fearful throw from the rock, of a throw of dice, of the catch of one cast of a net, and of the jettison of cargo from a ship.^(OLD 2012) It is also a toss of the head, the emission of rays of light, and an utterance of the voice.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “cast, throw”.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it was also a jetty, land built up by the sea, a fishing right, a surplus, and a fine for not appearing in court.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a throw of dice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a fall from a rock and of rays of light.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of throwing arrows.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – a jetty; a fishing right.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|throw]], cast, hurling; the range of a missile.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A fall from a height.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The catch of one cast of a net.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A throw of [[m|en|dice]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A throwing overboard, [[m|en|jettison]]; things thrown away.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A toss of part of the body; the emission of light; an utterance.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|jetty]], pier; land built up by the sea; a fishing right; a surplus; a fine for default in court.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iaciō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The same spelling is the perfect passive participle of ⟨iaciō⟩, “thrown”, and in Pliny the Elder the name of a river flowing into the Po.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}