desilio Latin · revision 31613

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la saliō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈsɪ.li.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈs̬iː.li.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēsiliō''' (present infinitive dēsilīre, perfect active dēsiluī, supine dēsultum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the perfect ''desuluērunt''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Besides ''dēsiluī'' the perfects ''dēsilīvī'' and ''dēsiliī'' occur from Columella on.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|saliō|t2=to jump]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives ⟨saliō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*sal-je-]] and [[ine-pro|*sh₂l-ie/o-|t=to jump]], cognate with [[grc|ἅλλομαι|tr=hállomai|t=to jump]] and [[sga|saltraid|t=to trample]], but calls the form of the root uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) whose ''Rudens'' has it in the old perfect form ''desuluērunt'', of leaping down.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is “to leap down”, and in particular to jump down from a horse or vehicle: Cicero has someone jump down from a carriage, and Caesar's cavalry leapt down to fight on foot.^(OLD 2012) Poets use it of things falling or rushing down, as Horace's waters leaping from the rock and Propertius' thunderbolts from heaven.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “leap”.^(Stelten 1995) From its supine came ''dēsultor'', a circus rider who jumped from horse to horse, whose adjective is the source of English [[m|en|desultory]] (1580s).^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus has the perfect ''desuluērunt''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of jumping down from a carriage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of horsemen dismounting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of water leaping down.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|leap]] or jump down.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To jump down from a horse or vehicle, [[m|en|dismount]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of water, lightning and the like, to rush or fall down.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[desulto]]

+ * [[dēsultor]]

+ * [[desultrix]]

+ * [[dēsultūra]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[saliō]]

+ * [[en|desultory]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}