insolentia Latin · revision 31595

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=2nd century BC, Turpilius|origins=la soleō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩː.sɔˈɫɛn.ti.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [in.soˈlɛn.t͡si.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsolentia''' ''f'' (genitive īnsolentiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|īnsolēns|-ia|t1=unaccustomed; immoderate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists ⟨īnsolēns⟩ under [[soleō|t=to be accustomed]], whose origin he calls disputed; he favours [[itc-pro|*sol-ē-|t=to occupy]], from [[ine-pro|*sol-eh₁-|t=to occupy, inhabit]], as in [[cu|село|tr=selo|t=land, village]] and [[goh|sal|t=home, room]], so that the verb meant “to occupy habitually”.^(de Vaan 2008) Döderlein's derivation of the noun from [[saliō]] is older.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Turpilius, in the sense of unfamiliarity: a fool who did not know what he wanted “from inexperience”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates it from Accius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first being unaccustomed to something, as Cicero's speaker unused to the forum and the courts, and Sallust's unfamiliarity with the route.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also unusualness: Cicero says we should learn to shun foreign strangeness of speech.^(OLD 2012) From unusual behaviour came lack of moderation, as when Cicero praises a man who loved the restraint of the ancestors and blamed the extravagance of the age, and finally insolence and arrogance: “learn the man's arrogance and insolence”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has it for excess, extravagance, pride.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 2nd century BC – Turpilius of inexperience.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of strangeness, extravagance and arrogance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of unfamiliarity with a route.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Unfamiliarity with something, inexperience.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Unusualness, [[m|en|novelty]], strangeness.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Lack of moderation, [[m|en|extravagance]], excess.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|insolence]], [[m|en|arrogance]]; an insolent act.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īnsolēns]]

+ * [[soleō]]

+ * [[superbia]]

+ * [[arrogantia]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein sets it beside ''superbia'', which looks down on others, ''arrogantia'', which demands their homage, and ''fastus'', which holds them at a distance: ''insolentia'' abuses its superiority rudely to humiliate the weaker; the ''superbus'' would outshine others, the ''īnsolēns'' insults them.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}