ebrietas Latin · revision 31592

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la ēbrius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈbri.ɛ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈbriː.e.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēbrietās''' ''f'' (genitive ēbrietātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ēbrius|-tās|t1=drunk]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨ēbrius⟩ from [[itc-pro|*ēχʷrio-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁ē̆gʷʰ-ro-|t=drinking]], from [[ine-pro|*h₁egʷʰ-|t=to drink]], cognate with [[hit|eku-zi|t=drinks]] and [[grc|νήφω|tr=nḗphō|t=to be sober]], from “not drinking”; the ⟨-br-⟩ is as in [[febris|t=fever]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who distinguishes drunkenness (''ēbrietās'') from the habit of drinking (''ēbriōsitās'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the state of being drunk, in the plural drunken orgies, and also addiction to drink: Seneca asks what else ruined Mark Antony.^(OLD 2012) Horace says it drives the unarmed man into battle.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin has it for drunkenness and excess.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|ebriety]] (early 15th century) is from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero distinguishes it from ''ēbriōsitās''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of addiction to drink.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|ebriety]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|drunkenness]], [[m|en|intoxication]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(plural)'' drunken orgies.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Addiction to drink.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ēbrius]]

+ * [[ēbriōsus]]

+ * [[vīnolentia]]

+ * [[crāpula]]

+ * [[en|ebriety]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says ''ēbrietās'' shows the effects of wine in their most favourable light, as high spirits and even inspiration, while ''vīnolentia'' and the old ''tēmulentia'' show them as brutal excess and ''crāpula'' names the cause.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}