perfugium Latin · revision 31571

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la fugiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛrˈfʊ.ɡi.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [perˈfuː.d͡ʒi.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perfugium''' ''n'' (genitive perfugiī or perfugī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The metre confirms a genitive ''perfugī'' in Plautus.^(TLL) Gregory of Tours spells it ''-fig-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|perfugiō|-ium|t1=to flee for refuge]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) ⟨perfugiō⟩ is from [[m|la|per-]] and [[fugiō|t=to flee]], which de Vaan derives from [[ine-pro|*bʰug-i-|t=to flee]], cognate with [[grc|φεύγω|tr=pheúgō|t=to flee]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the OLD date it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) in whom someone does not know where to find help, protection or refuge, and another “won a way of escape with his feet”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a place of refuge or shelter and a way of escape.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses it figuratively: exile is not a punishment but a refuge and harbour from punishment.^(OLD 2012) It is also a means of safety, as Cicero's “a ready refuge in Piso's fairness and good sense”, and an excuse one takes refuge in, “that most desperate refuge” of claiming one thought something lawful.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has it for refuge.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a refuge and a way of escape.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of exile as a refuge and of excuses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 538/539–594 AD – Gregory of Tours spells it ''perfigium''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A place of [[m|en|refuge]], [[m|en|shelter]], sanctuary; a way of escape.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A means of protection or safety; an excuse one falls back on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Political [[m|en|asylum]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[perfugiō]]

+ * [[perfuga]]

+ * [[refugium]]

+ * [[fugiō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein's related group distinguishes the ''perfuga'', who deserts and betrays his side, from the ''trānsfuga'', who wavers and changes sides, the ''profugus'', an exile, and the ''fugitīvus'', who runs from duty or master.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}