immodicus Latin · revision 31568

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1st century BC, Tiro|origins=la modus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪmˈmɔ.dɪ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [imˈmɔː.di.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''immodicus''' (feminine immodica, neuter immodicum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inmodicus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|modicus|t2=moderate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) ⟨modicus⟩ is from [[modus|t=measure]], which de Vaan derives from [[itc-pro|*medo-|t=measure, judgement]] and [[ine-pro|*med-o-|t=measure]], cognate with [[xum|meřs|t=law]] and [[osc|meddíss|t=magistrate]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Tiro and Nigidius Figulus,^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) and Lewis and Short suggest it is perhaps not found before the Augustan age.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is unrestrained, immoderate, as Livy's man of proud temper and unbridled tongue.^(OLD 2012) It is also excessive in size or amount: Ovid says he did not bring his misfortunes on himself by excessive wine, and complains of a winter of excessive cold.^(OLD 2012) Of abstract things it is extravagant, as Horace's quarrels excessive with wine, and in Martial and Juvenal very great, countless.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call the literal sense very rare: Ovid's beak that juts out enormously.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 94 BC–5 AD – Tiro.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–45 BC – Nigidius Figulus.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of quarrels excessive with wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–AD 17 – Livy of an unbridled tongue.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–AD 18 – Ovid of excessive wine and cold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Unrestrained, [[m|en|immoderate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Excessive in size or amount; of weather, excessively severe.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of abstract things, [[m|en|excessive]], [[m|en|extravagant]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Very great, vast, countless.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[immodicē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[modicus]]

+ * [[modus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}