regredior Latin · revision 31567

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la gradior}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛˈɡrɛ.di.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈɡrɛː.di.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''regredior''' (present infinitive regredī, perfect active regressus sum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Nonius takes Ennius' ''regredere'' as an active infinitive, but it may be a second person singular.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|gradior|t2=to step, walk]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives ⟨gradior⟩ from [[itc-pro|*grad-(e)i-]] and [[ine-pro|*g(h)rd(h)-(e)i-]], cognate with [[sga|ingreinn|t=chases]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is from Plautus: “go back there from the door”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to go or come back, and in war to withdraw: Cicero says someone preferred to be surrounded by the waves of war rather than either retreat or advance.^(OLD 2012) Plautus already uses it of going back in memory: “I go back in memory to having heard my father called Hegio”.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses it of extending an edict into the past and of going back in a chain of causes without end, and of retreating from a claim: people should rather draw back than press forward.^(OLD 2012) In the jurists it is to have recourse to a previous owner, as a buyer against the seller, and to revert to former ownership.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has it for go back, return.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|regress]] (late 14th century) is from its participle ''regressus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of going back, also in memory.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of retreating and of going back in time.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian of legal recourse.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|regress]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go or come back, [[m|en|return]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(military)'' To withdraw, [[m|en|retreat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To go back to a former state or in time; to draw back from a claim.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' To have recourse to a previous party; to revert.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[regressiō]]

+ * [[regressus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aggredior]]

+ * [[congredior]]

+ * [[dēgredior]]

+ * [[dīgredior]]

+ * [[ēgredior]]

+ * [[gradior]]

+ * [[ingredior]]

+ * [[prōgredior]]

+ * [[revertor]]

+ * [[redeō]]

+ * [[en|regress]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis and Short give ''revertor'' and ''redeō'' as near-synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}