infidus Latin · revision 31565

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la fīdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩːˈfiː.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iɱˈfiː.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnfīdus''' (feminine īnfīda, neuter īnfīdum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ A superlative occurs only in a conjecture in Pacuvius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|fīdus|t2=trustworthy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨fīdus⟩ from [[itc-pro|*feiþo-]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰeidʰ-o-|t=faithful]], the adjective of [[fīdō|t=to trust]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is from Plautus: someone is reproached for having knowingly been faithless to one who was faithful.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of people it is faithless, treacherous: Cicero asks whom someone had found faithful friends and whom faithless, and says nothing is stable that is not to be trusted.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy uses it of a tribe suspected for many treacherous deeds.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is unreliable, as Lucretius' snares of the treacherous sea, and of a treaty, as Livy's long untrustworthy pact with the Latins.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a faithless slave.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of the treacherous sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of faithless friends.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–AD 17 – Livy of an untrustworthy treaty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of people, not to be trusted, faithless, [[m|en|treacherous]], [[m|en|disloyal]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of things, unreliable, [[m|en|unsafe]]; of a treaty, untrustworthy.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fīdus]]

+ * [[īnfidēlis]]

+ * [[perfidus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''īnfīdus'', not to be trusted, from ''īnfidēlis'', unfaithful, ''perfidus'', treacherous in particular acts, and ''perfidiōsus'', treacherous by character.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}