quamdiu Latin · revision 31564

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la quam, la diū}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkʷan.di.uː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkʷan.di.u]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quamdiū''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is often written separately, and the parts can be split: ''quam voluit diū''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) An inscription has ''quandius''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|quam|diū|t1=how|t2=long]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan explains ⟨diū⟩ as an old locative of the word for “day”, from [[ine-pro|*di-eu-|t=day; sky]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is from Plautus, a direct question: “how long ago did that happen?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an interrogative it asks “how long?”, directly or in indirect questions, as Cicero's wish to know how long Atticus would be in Rome, and Cicero also uses it in an exclamation, “how long you would speak!”.^(OLD 2012) As a relative it is “as long as”, with or without a correlative ''tamdiū''.^(OLD 2012) In the jurists it is “until” with the subjunctive.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has it for while, as long as, until, how long, inasmuch as.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin also used it for “till” and adverbially “for a while”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus in a direct question.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero as an interrogative and a relative.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian in the sense “until”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # How long?; how long ago?^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(exclamatory)'' How long!^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(relative)'' As long as, while.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(with subjunctive)'' Until.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' For a while.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[diū]]

+ * [[tamdiū]]

+ * [[quam]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}