διατριβή Ancient Greek · revision 3156

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=5th century BC, Sophocles and Euripides|origins=grc διατρίβω}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /di.a.tri.bɛ̌ː/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /ði.a.triˈβi/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /ði.a.triˈvi/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''δῐᾰτρῐβή''' (diatribḗ) ''f'' (genitive δῐᾰτρῐβῆς); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is derived from [[διατρίβω|tr=diatríbō|t=to rub away; to spend time]] with the suffix [[m|grc|-ή|tr=-ḗ]].^(Wiktionary)^(CGL 2021) The verb is formed from [[διά|tr=diá|t=through]] and [[τρίβω|tr=tríbō|t=to rub]].^(LSJ 1940)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A fragment of Sophocles speaks of the “pastimes” invented to while away time, draughts and dice, and Euripides uses it for time taken up.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense, a wearing down, is still found in Thucydides and Aristophanes for the attrition of forces.^(CGL 2021) More often it is the spending of time, and so a pastime or amusement, a haunt, and a serious occupation or study: Plato speaks of those brought up in philosophy “and such pursuits”.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) It also meant time spent in talk, a discussion or discourse, as Socrates calls his conversations in the ''Apology''.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+

+ From discourse came a short ethical lecture, the diatribe, a genre defined by Hermogenes and the title of works by Zeno and Cleanthes, and a school of philosophy or rhetoric.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) Galen speaks of “the school of Moses and of Christ”.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) The Septuagint uses it for a way of life and a dwelling.^(Lust 2003) Latin borrowed it as ''diatriba''.^(Wiktionary) In Modern Greek [[m|el|διατριβή|tr=diatriví]] is a doctoral dissertation.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 5th century BC – Sophocles uses it for pastimes.^(LSJ 1940)

+ * 5th century BC – Thucydides uses it for wearing down forces.^(CGL 2021)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Plato uses it for a pursuit and for discussion.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ * 4th–3rd century BC – Zeno writes works with this title.^(LSJ 1940)

+ * 2nd century AD – Galen uses it for a school, and Hermogenes defines it as a short ethical treatise.^(LSJ 1940)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A wearing down, [[m|en|attrition]].^(CGL 2021)

+ # The spending of time; delay.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|pastime]], amusement.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # An occupation, pursuit, study; a way of life.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # A haunt; a dwelling.^(CGL 2021)^(Lust 2003)

+ # A discussion, discourse.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # A short ethical lecture or treatise.^(LSJ 1940)

+ # A school of philosophy or rhetoric.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[διατρίβω|tr=diatríbō]]

+ * [[τρίβω|tr=tríbō]]

+ * [[en|diatribe]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}