periclitor Latin · revision 31547

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la perīculum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛˈriː.klɪ.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [peˈriː.kli.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perīclitor''' (present infinitive perīclitārī, perfect active perīclitātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ The participle ''perīclitātus'' is also used in a passive sense.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Manuscripts sometimes spell it ''pere-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a verb from [[perīculum|t=trial, danger]] with the suffix [[m|la|-itō]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) or rather from the verb [[perīculor|t=to try out, risk]].^(TLL) De Vaan lists all three under [[pariō]], deriving ⟨perīculum⟩ from [[itc-pro|*per-ei-tlo-|t=experience]], from the root of [[experior|t=to try]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) in whom a husband says he was testing his wife's mind, to see what she would do.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to test, try out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From testing came risking: Cicero says the safety of the state should not too often be risked on one man, and Plancus that he chose to risk defending Lepidus rather than seem too cautious.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively, from Caesar on, it is to be in danger, as when Caesar would rather have the lives of Gauls than of legionaries endangered in the woods;^(OLD 2012) Celsus says women are endangered by miscarriage.^(OLD 2012) In law it is to stand trial, and to be at risk for a sum.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has it for being in danger, risking and trying.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of testing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of risking the state.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of being in danger.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius of being at risk for a sum.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To put to the proof, [[m|en|test]], try.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To expose to danger, [[m|en|risk]], endanger; to run the risk of.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To be in danger or [[m|en|jeopardy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(law)'' To stand trial; to be at risk for a sum.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[perīclitābundus]]

+ * [[perīclitātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[perīculum]]

+ * [[experior]]

+ * [[tentō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from ''tentāre'', making an experiment to learn something, and ''experīrī'', learning by experience: ''perīclitārī'' is making the trial with courage and contempt for the danger.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}