tardo Latin · revision 31544

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la tardus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtar.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtar.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tardō''' (present infinitive tardāre, perfect active tardāvī, supine tardātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a verb from [[tardus|t=slow]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan lists it under ⟨tardus⟩, which he says has no etymology: Walde's comparison with [[grc|τέρυ|tr=téru|t=weak]] and [[sa|तरुण|tr=táruṇa-|t=young, fresh]] is unconvincing in meaning and impossible in form.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) where people in the harbour begin to hold up a boat, though there ⟨tardāre⟩ is an editor's correction of the manuscripts' ⟨turbāre⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to slow down, delay or check: Cicero speaks of preventing someone's departure or at least delaying it, and of a sand that slows the feet in Ovid.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used of checking emotions and zeal, as when Cicero does not want to dampen the enthusiasm of many, and of dulling the senses.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively it is to delay, hold back, as when Cicero asks whether to summon Brutus or whether it was better for him to delay.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ L&S gives ''remoror'' and ''impediō'' as its near-synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “tarry, delay, hinder”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of holding up a boat (an emendation).^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of delaying a departure and checking zeal.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of checking an enemy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To slow down, [[m|en|delay]], [[m|en|check]], hinder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To restrain emotions or impulses; to dull the senses.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To delay, hold back, [[m|en|tarry]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[intardo]]

+ * [[praetardō]]

+ * [[retardō]]

+ * [[tardabilis]]

+ * [[tardātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tardus]]

+ * [[remoror]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}