etiamsi Latin · revision 31534

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la etiam, la sī}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛ.tiˈãː.siː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [et.t͡siˈam.si]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''etiamsī''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also written separately, ''etiam sī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[etiam|t=also, even]] and [[sī|t=if]],^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) matching [[grc|καὶ εἰ|tr=kaì ei|t=even if]].^(Lewis & Short 1879) The adverb ⟨etiam⟩ is a compound of [[et]] and [[iam|t=now]];^(Köbler 2010) de Vaan traces ⟨et⟩ to [[itc-pro|*eti]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁eti|t=still, also]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short quote it from Plautus with the indicative, “even if as much again has to be lost”, and with the subjunctive;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler gives Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a concessive conjunction, even if or even though, more emphatic than ''etsī'', with the indicative or the subjunctive, and often answered by ''tamen'' “yet”, as in Cicero's “that truth, even if it is not pleasant, is still welcome to me”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) From Livy on it also qualifies single words, as Livy's “the consul's anger, even if just”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “even if, although”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus with the indicative and the subjunctive.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a doubt that is now gone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, answered by ''tamen''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy with a single adjective.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # Even if, even though, [[m|en|although]], [[m|en|albeit]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # With single words, even if, though.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[etsī]]

+ * [[tametsī]]

+ * [[etiam]]

+ * [[sī]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}