inhumanus Latin · revision 31525

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *dʰǵʰ(e)m-ōn}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪ.nuːˈmaː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [i.nuˈmaː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inhūmānus''' (feminine inhūmāna, neuter inhūmānum, comparative inhūmānior, superlative inhūmānissimus, adverb inhūmāniter); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from the negative prefix [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[hūmānus|t=human]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨hūmānus⟩ from [[homō|t=human being]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*χem-ō]] and [[ine-pro|*dʰǵʰ(e)m-ōn|t=earthling, human]], from the word for “earth”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Terence,^(Köbler 2010) where a young man asks whether he is thought so ungrateful, heartless or savage.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is devoid of human feeling, heartless or brutal, of people and of actions, as Cicero's will that was not inhuman.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero it is also uncultured or uncivilized, as ears so uncultivated and rustic, and lacking the manners of civilized people, churlish or ill-bred, as his old men who are neither difficult nor churlish.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Apuleius uses it in a good sense, superhuman or divine, of the banquet set before Psyche.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “brutal, inhuman”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a heartless young man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of uncultured ears and churlish old men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of a superhuman banquet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Uncultured, [[m|en|uncivilized]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Discourteous, [[m|en|churlish]], ill-bred.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Devoid of human feeling, heartless, [[m|en|inhuman]], savage.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Superhuman, divine.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[inhūmānitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hūmānus]]

+ * [[homō]]

+ * [[hūmānitās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}