pharetra Latin · revision 31514

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=grc φαρέτρα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpʰa.rɛ.tra]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈfaː.re.tra]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pharetra''' ''f'' (genitive pharetrae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Apuleius spells it ''far-''.^(OLD 2012)

+ The second syllable is short in Plautus; from Virgil on it is short or long by position.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|φαρέτρα|tr=pharétra|t=quiver]].^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest quotation is a line attributed to Livius Andronicus by Terentianus Maurus, of a heavy quiver rattling on the back;^(OLD 2012) the TLL notes that the attribution is doubted.^(TLL) Köbler gives Vitruvius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a quiver for arrows, as Virgil's huntress girt with a quiver and Horace's quiver heavy with poisoned arrows;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short call it poetic and late.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vitruvius uses it for a kind of sundial shaped like a quiver.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin keeps it as “quiver”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Attributed to Livius Andronicus.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of a sundial.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a huntress's quiver.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a quiver full of poisoned arrows.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|quiver]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A kind of [[m|en|sundial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pharetrātus]]

+ * [[pharetriger]]

+ * [[pharetrazōnium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sagitta]]

+ * [[arcus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}