extimesco Latin · revision 31507

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la timeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛk.stɪˈmeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ek.stiˈmɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''extimēscō''' (present infinitive extimēscere, perfect active extimuī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out, thoroughly]] and [[timeō|t=to fear]] with the inchoative suffix [[m|la|-scō]].^(OLD 2012) De Vaan rejects the link of ⟨timeō⟩ with words for “stiff” and leaves it without an etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) where a slave cries “how she trembles! she took fright when she saw you”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Intransitively it is to take fright or be alarmed, as Cicero's horses frightened by the sudden hissing of gladiators.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Transitively it is to be afraid of or dread, as Terence's young man who dreads his father.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “to fear”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a woman who takes fright.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of dreading a father.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of frightened horses.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take fright, be greatly frightened.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be afraid of, [[m|en|dread]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[timeō]]

+ * [[pertimēscō]]

+ * [[timor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}