temerarius Latin · revision 31505

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *temH-os-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [tɛ.mɛˈraː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [te.meˈraː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''temerārius''' (feminine temerāria, neuter temerārium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[temere|t=blindly, by chance, rashly]] with the suffix [[m|la|-ārius]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan explains ⟨temere⟩ as a fossilised locative of a noun ⟨*temes-⟩ “darkness”, from [[ine-pro|*temH-os-|t=darkness]], cognate with [[sa|तमस्|tr=támas|t=darkness]] and [[lt|tamsà|t=darkness]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) where a woodpecker tapping an elm is “not by chance”, an omen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is happening by chance, accidental, which Lewis and Short call very rare, and in Celsus a method left to chance or risk.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The usual sense is of people acting thoughtlessly, reckless or hasty, as Terence's drunken and reckless midwife, and in poetry of rash weapons, as Ovid's.^(OLD 2012) Of conduct and plans it is reckless, impetuous or ill-considered, as Cicero's rash and sudden decision and the thoughtless stir of a Greek assembly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “rash, thoughtless, casual”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''temerarious'', “rash, reckless”, is from it in the 1530s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of an omen that is not by chance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a reckless woman.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a rash decision.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus of risky treatment.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|temerarious]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Happening by chance, [[m|en|accidental]], casual; subject to risk.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Acting thoughtlessly, [[m|en|reckless]], rash, hasty.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of conduct or plans, impetuous, ill-considered.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pertemerarius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[temerāriē]]

+ * [[temerātor]]

+ * [[temere]]

+ * [[temeritās]]

+ * [[temeriter]]

+ * [[temeritūdō]]

+ * [[temerō]]

+ * [[en|temerity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}