descisco Latin · revision 31495

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *skh₁-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːsˈkiːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deʃˈʃis.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēscīscō''' (present infinitive dēscīscere, perfect active dēscīvī or dēsciī, supine dēscītum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|dē-|t=away from]] and [[scīscō|t=to get to know, decree]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Lewis and Short take it to be first a political term, to break away by formal decision.^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan derives ⟨scīscō⟩ from [[sciō|t=to know]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*skije/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*skh₁-i-|t=to incise]], “to know” having come from “to distinguish, decide”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest quotation is Cicero, of champions of the state who desert it if they are fickle.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to defect from an allegiance, revolt or desert, as Caesar's distant states that fall away from Afranius; with ''ad'' it is to go over to someone, as Livy's Praeneste that went over from the Latins to the Romans.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to abandon a principle or model, as Cicero's “I have not been untrue to myself”, and to fall away from a quality or state, as the elder Seneca's Scipio falling short of his ancestors.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Columella uses it of a vine that degenerates.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “withdraw, sever”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of fickle champions and of being true to oneself.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of states falling away.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a city going over to Rome.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of a degenerating vine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|defect]], revolt, desert; with ''ad'', to go over to.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To abandon a principle; to be unfaithful to.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To fall away from a quality; of plants, to [[m|en|degenerate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ascīscō]]

+ * [[cōnscīscō]]

+ * [[perscīscō]]

+ * [[rescīscō]]

+ * [[scīscō]]

+ * [[sciō]]

+ * [[dēficiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}