icio Latin · revision 31488

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *h₂i-h₂iḱ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈiː.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īciō''' (present infinitive īcere, perfect active īcī, supine ictum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''īcō'';^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) only a few forms occur, such as ''īcit'', ''īcere'', the perfect ''īcī'' and the participle ''ictus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*īke/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂i-h₂iḱ-e/o-|t=to hit, pierce]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|αἰχμή|tr=aikhmḗ|t=spear point]], [[lt|iẽšmas|t=spit, bayonet]] and [[prg|aysmis|t=spit]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD's earliest quotation is a tragedy of Naevius, of one whom Jupiter once struck with lightning.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to strike with a weapon or missile, and of snakes and scorpions to strike or sting, as in Celsus.^(OLD 2012) Of natural forces it is to strike or impinge, as Accius' whirlwinds struck by the clashing waves, and of light in Ennius.^(OLD 2012) ''foedus īcere'' is to strike a treaty, as in the historian Coelius.^(OLD 2012) Of feelings it is to affect strongly, as Lucretius' snake stung by the burning pain of its wound.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein says that ''verberāre'' is a blow that rebounds, while ''īcere'' and ''ferīre'' penetrate and wound.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – First recorded in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius of a man struck by lightning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of light.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a snake stung by pain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To strike, hit with a weapon; of snakes, to [[m|en|sting]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of wind, waves or light, to strike, impinge on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''foedus īcere'': to conclude a [[m|en|treaty]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of feelings, to affect strongly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ictus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[feriō]]

+ * [[verberō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}