impatiens Latin · revision 31486

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la patior}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪmˈpa.ti.ẽːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [imˈpat.t͡si.ens]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''impatiēns''' (genitive impatientis, comparative impatientior, adverb impatienter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inpatiēns''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from the negative prefix [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[patiēns|t=enduring, patient]], the participle of [[patior|t=to suffer, endure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan finds the origin of ⟨patior⟩ unclear: it has been linked with [[grc|πῆμα|tr=pêma|t=suffering]], or might come from the root ⟨*pet-⟩ “to fall”, as “it befalls me”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who has a horse that will not bear its wound.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that it is not found before the Augustan age.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is unable to bear or endure something, usually with a genitive, as Virgil's wounded horse, and absolutely impatient, as Ovid's lover who could not bear the torment of long grief.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it to render the Greek philosophical term [[m|grc|ἀπαθής|tr=apathḗs|t=free from passion]], of the impassive mind of Stilpo and others.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) In the declamations ascribed to Quintilian it is passive, unbearable.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “impatient, unable to endure”,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval Latin it is desiring something impatiently.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''impatient'' is from it in the late 14th century, through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a horse that will not bear its wound.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of a lover who cannot bear his grief.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca for the Greek “impassive”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|impatient]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # That cannot bear or endure; [[m|en|impatient]] of something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Impatient, not tolerating the situation.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Unmoved by feeling, [[m|en|impassive]], stoic.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Unbearable.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Desiring impatiently.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impatientia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[patior]]

+ * [[patiēns]]

+ * [[en|impatient]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}