supplico Latin · revision 31477

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la supplex}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsʊp.plɪ.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsup.pli.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''supplicō''' (present infinitive supplicāre, perfect active supplicāvī, supine supplicātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''subplicō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Plautus has the old perfect subjunctive ''supplicassis'',^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Festus quotes a tmesis ''sub vōs placō'' for ''vōs supplicō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[supplex|t=kneeling, suppliant]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan places the adjective with [[plectō|t=to plait]] and the verbs in [[m|la|-plicō]], from ⟨*sub-plVk-⟩ “to bend upwards, beg”, but notes that it has also been derived from the root of [[placeō|t=to please]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Its oldest witness is the Carmen Saliare, “worship the god of gods”,^(OLD 2012) and Plautus has it of seeking the goodwill of someone one has wronged.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ With a dative it is to seek someone's favour with offerings, and in general to petition humbly, as Plautus' woman who never needs to beg the greengrocer if she has a garden at home.^(OLD 2012) With gods it is to make propitiatory offerings or worship, also in thanks for a victory, as Plautus' “since I have done well, I will give thanks here in the temple”.^(OLD 2012) In the jurists it takes an accusative, to implore someone.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''precārī'', the calm act of prayer with hands raised, with ''supplicāre'', passionate supplication on one's knees or on the ground; by exaggeration it is any humble request to a human being.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it “entreat, implore, beseech, beg”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''supplicate'', from the early 15th century, is a back-formation from ''supplication'' or from the Latin participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of begging for favours and of thanksgiving in a temple.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|supplicate]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To seek the goodwill of someone one has wronged; to beg humbly, [[m|en|beseech]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To make propitiatory offerings to a god, worship; to give thanks for a success.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # With an accusative, to petition, [[m|en|implore]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[supplicāmentum]]

+ * [[supplicātiō]]

+ * [[supplicator]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[supplex]]

+ * [[supplicium]]

+ * [[precor]]

+ * [[en|supplicate]]

+ * [[en|supple]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}