udus Latin · revision 31476

19 Oct 2026, 05:10 by bogdan “Latin la10k: 10 new entries (la75r b02)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=la ūvidus}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * Classical: [ˈuː.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈuː.dus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''ūdus''' (feminine ūda, neuter ūdum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a contracted form of [[ūvidus|t=wet, moist]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the order of attestation suggests a recent contraction, while Weiss allows that ⟨ūdus⟩ is older and ⟨ūvidus⟩ was formed from it as a hyperarchaism.^(de Vaan 2008) ⟨ūvidus⟩ itself is related to [[grc|ὑγρός|tr=hugrós|t=wet]] and [[non|vǫkr|t=wet]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Varro, Köbler from Catullus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Its oldest quotation in the OLD is an inscription of Puteoli prescribing walls whitewashed with wet lime.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It is covered or soaked with water or another liquid, wet, as Ovid's Dawn coming with wet hair, and of plants wet with sap, as Virgil's bud set into the moist bark.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Martial uses it of a gambler soaked with wine, drunk.^(OLD 2012) In Terentianus Maurus it translates the Greek grammarians' term for the liquid letters ⟨l m n r⟩.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call it poetic and post-Augustan in prose.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ Döderlein explains that ''ūdus'' and ''ūvidus'' are wetness that consists of liquid, while ''hūmidus'' is wetness that soaks through, and quotes Seneca's clouds that are “moist, or rather wet”.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it “wet, moist, tearful”.^(Stelten 1995)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – In Catullus.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of moist bark.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of Dawn's wet hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of a drunken gambler.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|wet|alt=Wet]], moist, damp.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # Soaked with wine, [[m|en|drunken]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Wet with sap.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(grammar)'' Of letters, [[m|en|liquid]].^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[ūdō]]
+ * [[ūdor]]
+ * [[ūdulus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ūvidus]]
+ * [[ūmidus]]
+ * [[madidus]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}