aestivus Latin · revision 31473

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂eidʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ae̯sˈtiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [esˈtiː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aestīvus''' (feminine aestīva, neuter aestīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed with the suffix [[m|la|-īvus]] from [[aestus|t=heat]] according to the OLD and the TLL,^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) or from [[aestās|t=summer]] according to Wiktionary;^(Wiktionary) the TLL notes that its meaning follows ⟨aestās⟩.^(TLL) De Vaan derives both nouns from [[itc-pro|*aissāt-]] and [[itc-pro|*aissu-]], which go back to [[ine-pro|*h₂eidʰ-teh₂t-|t=burning, heat]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eidʰ-tu-]], with the suffixes ⟨-tāt-⟩ and ⟨-tu-⟩ later restored; the root is the one in [[aedēs]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD's earliest quotation is Cato's instruction to build winter and summer stalls for oxen.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is of or belonging to summer: the summer signs that the sun passes through in Lucretius, things designed for summer use, as Cato's stalls, and birds or plants that appear in summer, as Livy's summer birds.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) With ''occāsus'' and ''oriēns'' it names the north-west and north-east, where the sun sets and rises in summer, as in Livy, and ''aestīvus annus'' in Manilius is the summer part of the year.^(OLD 2012) In Statius it is summery or warm.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The neuter plural became the noun ''aestīva'', summer quarters or a summer camp.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “of summer”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of summer stalls for oxen.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of the summer signs of the zodiac.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of summer birds and of the north-west.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius of a summery breeze.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or belonging to [[m|en|summer]], occurring in summer.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Designed for or used in summer.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Appearing or growing in summer.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''occāsus aestīvus'', ''oriēns aestīvus'': the north-west, the north-east.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Having summer conditions, summery.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aestīva]]

+ * [[aestīvālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aestās]]

+ * [[aestus]]

+ * [[aedēs]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}