devincio Latin · revision 31459

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ui-n-k-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈwɪŋ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈvin̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēvinciō''' (present infinitive dēvincīre, perfect active dēvīnxī, supine dēvīnctum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the short perfect ''dēvīnxtī'';^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) an inscription spells the participle ''debinti''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|dē-|t=down, fully]] and [[m|la|vinciō|t=to bind]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨vinciō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*wink-|t=to tie, bind]] and [[ine-pro|*ui-n-k-]], cognate with [[xum|preuiślatu|t=let him tie]].^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL notes that manuscripts sometimes confuse ⟨dēvīnctus⟩ with ⟨dēvictus⟩, from [[m|la|dēvincō|t=to conquer]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “bound by our kindness” in the ''Asinaria'', and men to tie a man up at home in the ''Menaechmi''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to tie fast or bind, as in Plautus and of Pliny the Elder's lion, and to hold fast in position, as the circles fixed on the axis in Cicero's ''Aratea''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to bind the mind or feelings, as Cicero's minds bound by the necessity of fate; to bring into subjection, as Cicero's Nuceria held down by garrisons; and to unite, as Cicero's “habit, custom and shared studies have bound us together”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is also to oblige or lay under an obligation, legal or moral, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Lewis and Short find it used mostly in a figurative sense.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “bind, fetter, obligate”.^(Stelten 1995) Döderlein says that ''vincīre'' and ''nectere'' are to fetter, so as to stop free movement, while ''ligāre'' and ''viēre'' are to bind so that things do not fall apart.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of binding by kindness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of minds bound by fate and friends united.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of a lion tied up.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To tie fast, [[m|en|bind]]; to hold fast.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To bind (the mind, feelings).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|subjugate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To unite, bind together.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|oblige]], put under obligation.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vinciō]]

+ * [[vinculum]]

+ * [[ligō]]

+ * [[nectō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}